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Choose a fixed shower head for a clean, hands-free setup with fewer exposed parts. Choose a handheld shower head when directed rinsing, cleaning the enclosure, bathing children or pets, or seated use matters. A dual system solves both jobs, but it adds a diverter, more joints and a higher flow-planning burden. Neither format is naturally stronger or more water efficient. The model's flow path, nozzle layout and supply conditions decide that.

Water enters through the shower arm or hose connection. A washer seals the joint. Depending on the model, the inlet may contain a screen and flow-control part. Inside the body, a selector sends water to one or more chambers. The spray plate divides that water among its active nozzles, whose size, number, spacing and angle form the final pattern.

A common starting height for a wall-mounted shower head is about 80 inches (203 cm) above the finished shower floor. Do not drill from that number alone. Mock up the actual head and arm, keep the spray face above the tallest regular user, check where the spray lands, and confirm that a handheld unit can be reached and docked without pulling the hose tight.